COP28 UAE Declaration on Climate and Health

On the occasion of the first Health Day at the 28th UN Climate Change Conference (COP28), they expressed their grave concerns about the negative impacts of climate change on health. We stress the importance of addressing the interactions between climate change and human health and well-being in the context of the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement as the primary international, intergovernmental fora for the global response to climate change.

They recognized the urgency of taking action on climate change. They noted the benefits for health from deep, rapid, and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, including just transitions, lower air pollution, active mobility, and shifts to sustainable, healthy diets.

In this year of the first Global Stocktake, and given the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, which strained all health systems and further widened inequities and vulnerabilities within and among countries, regions and populations, we are committed to the advancement of climate-resilient development, the strengthening of health systems, and the building of resilient and thriving communities, for the benefit of present and future generations.

To work towards ensuring better health outcomes, including through the transformation of health systems to be climate-resilient, low-carbon, sustainable and equitable, and to better prepare communities and the most vulnerable populations for the impacts of climate change, we commit to pursuing the following common objectives:

a) Strengthening the development and implementation of policies that maximize the health gains from mitigation and adaptation actions and prevent worsening health impacts from climate change, including through close partnerships with Indigenous Peoples, local communities, women and girls, children and youth, healthcare workers and practitioners, persons with disabilities and the populations most vulnerable to the health impacts of climate change, among others.

b) Facilitating collaboration on human, animal, environmental and climate health challenges, such as by implementing a One Health approach; addressing the ecological determinants of health; strengthening research on the linkages between environmental and climatic factors and antimicrobial resistance; and intensifying efforts for the early detection of zoonotic spill-overs as an effective means of pandemic prevention, preparedness and response.

c) Improving the ability of health systems to anticipate and implement adaptation interventions against climate-sensitive disease and health risks, including by bolstering climate-health information services, surveillance, early warning and response systems and a climate-ready health workforce.

d) Promoting a comprehensive response to address the impacts of climate change on health, including, for example, mental health and psychosocial wellbeing, loss of traditional medicinal knowledge, loss of livelihoods and culture, and climate-induced displacement and migration.

e) Combating inequalities within and among countries and pursuing policies that work towards accelerating the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, including SDG3; reducing poverty and hunger; improving health and livelihoods; strengthening social protection systems, food security and improved nutrition, access to clean sources of energy, safe drinking water, and sanitation and hygiene for all; and work to achieve universal health coverage.

f) Promoting steps to curb emissions and reduce waste in the health sector, such as by assessing the greenhouse gas emissions of health systems and developing action plans, nationally determined decarbonization targets, and procurement standards for national health systems, including supply chains. Strengthening trans- and inter-disciplinary research, cross-sectoral collaboration, sharing best practices, and monitoring progress at the climate-health nexus, including through initiatives such as the Alliance for Transformative Action on Climate and Health (ATACH).

Recognizing that health actors face challenges in accessing finance for health and climate change activities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, we underscore the need to leverage synergies at the intersection of climate change and health to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of finance flows.

• Encouraging the scaling up of investments in climate and health from domestic budgets, multilateral development banks, multilateral climate funds, health financing institutions, philanthropies, bilateral development agencies, and private sector actors.

• Encouraging international finance providers, including development banks, to strengthen the synergies between their climate and health portfolios and enhance their support for country-led projects and programs in the health-climate nexus.

• Sharing learnings and best practices on financing and implementing climate-health interventions and developing a shared understanding of existing needs for climate-health finance grounded in country priorities and needs. We welcome ongoing efforts in this regard, including by the COP28 presidency, the ATACH finance working group, and the Joint Development Bank working group for climate-health financing.

• Improving monitoring, transparency and evaluation efforts of climate finance, as relevant, including for healthcare initiatives, to strengthen a shared understanding of its efficiency and effectiveness and to maximize the delivery of favourable health outcomes.

To achieve these aims - according to our national circumstances - we commit to pursuing the better integration of health considerations into our climate policy processes and of climate considerations across our health policy agendas, including:

• Incorporating health considerations in the context of relevant Paris Agreement and UNFCCC processes to minimize adverse effects on public health and mainstream climate considerations in global health work programs, including those of the World Health Organization, where relevant and appropriate.

• Taking health into account, as appropriate, in designing the next round of nationally determined contributions, long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies, national adaptation plans and adaptation communications.

We commit to convene regularly with diverse line ministries and stakeholders to foster synergies and strengthen national and multilateral collaboration on climate change and health, including through the ATACH initiative. We will review our collective progress at future UN Climate Change Conferences, World Health Assemblies, and other global convenings.